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           State of the matter-                                 ✔   Automation, sensors and controls are either obsolete,
                                                                   require manual interpretation or are difficult to upgrade
           A checklist                                             and modernise.


                                                                ✔   Several original equipments are very old and historical
             ✔   Disparate assets with varying capabilities resulting in   data on the asset may not be available. Lack of
                sub-optimal operations excellence.                 centralised data and/or data analysis results in increased
                                                                   maintenance or unplanned downtimes which can prove
             ✔  Old assets following old operational techniques, co-exist   expensive.
                with newer assets with automated process. Net result is
                a disparity in asset capability within various production   ✔   Industry 3.0 brought about connectivity and automation,
                facilities within a single organisation. This raises   however, plant assets are still not optimal as adoption of
                concerns on safe and optimal operations and rising cost   4.0 technologies have been slow. This results in sub-
                of unscheduled downtime.                           optimal performance of assets due to lack of accurate
                                                                   prediction of asset downtime and asset life cycle
             ✔  There is an increasing onus arising from climate   management.
                change concerns and the need to smarten legacy
                systems to function optimally as per newly established   ✔   Some advanced industries such as the Oil & Gas industry,
                compliance standards throws up an impending need   automobile sector, to name a few, do have upgraded
                to upgrade current plant assets.                   technologies – both in hardware and automation
                                                                   systems. The question remains – have these sectors
             ✔   Various production facilities within a single entity   moved from predictive analysis of the data output to
                function as silos and best practices cannot be     proactive and prescriptive analysis and algorithm - based
                replicated across the plants due to lack of asset data   decision-making? This is pertinent, since modern IIoT
                analysis. Much of the data generated in the modern   enables operational excellence through prescriptive
                systems do not add up to business benefits.        decision - making tools that completely eliminate risk of
                                                                   human error and lead to operational excellence.
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